{"id":43,"date":"2025-01-01T09:59:13","date_gmt":"2025-01-01T09:59:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/?page_id=43"},"modified":"2025-02-02T08:59:57","modified_gmt":"2025-02-02T08:59:57","slug":"research-interests","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/?page_id=43","title":{"rendered":"Research Interests"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"43\" class=\"elementor elementor-43\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb5a2cf e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cb5a2cf\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f2fb53 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6f2fb53\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Research Interests<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-80dc846 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"80dc846\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14b6a97 elementor-widget elementor-widget-posts\" data-id=\"14b6a97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;full_content_row_gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:35,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"posts.full_content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div 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class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The physics of virus life cycle<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2050513 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2050513\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ed03ca e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6ed03ca\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a349b1d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a349b1d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>We focus on the mechanical and physical principles governing key stages of the viral life cycle: entry, replication, and egress. During entry, we study how viruses exploit cellular mechanics and membrane deformation to penetrate host cells. In the replication phase, we investigate how viruses restructure the cellular internal architecture and drive the formation of membrane-bound and membrane-less viral replication factories. For egress, we analyze the mechanical processes that allow viruses to overcome intracellular barriers and exit the host cell. By integrating these stages, we aim to uncover physical mechanisms that could inform the development of novel antiviral strategies.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45a0db1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"45a0db1\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b72f2c9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-ucaddon_logo_carousel\" data-id=\"b72f2c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"ucaddon_logo_carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n<!-- start Logo Carousel -->\n\t\t<link id='font-awesome-css' href='https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/plugins\/unlimited-elements-for-elementor-premium\/assets_libraries\/font-awesome6\/fontawesome-all.min.css' type='text\/css' rel='stylesheet'\/>\n\t\t<link id='font-awesome-4-shim-css' 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ue-item\">\n          <a href=\"#\">\n          <img fetchpriority=\"high\" fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Capsid-stability.png\"  src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Capsid-stability.png\" alt=\"The physics of virus life cycle01\" width=\"720\" height=\"887\"\/>\n          <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n\t\n      \n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"uc_logo_carousel\">\n    \n    <div class=\"uc_logo_carousel_holder ue-item\">\n          <a href=\"#\">\n          <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/iStock-1255713486-scaled.jpg\"  src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/iStock-1255713486-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"The physics of virus life cycle02\" width=\"2560\" height=\"2560\"\/>\n          <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n\t\n      \n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"uc_logo_carousel\">\n   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.owl-prev:hover{background-color:var( --e-global-color-6d6878a );color:var( --e-global-color-4fcac31 );}@media(max-width:1024px){.elementor-widget-text-editor{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-text-font-size );}}@media(max-width:767px){.elementor-165 .elementor-element.elementor-element-eff31e6{--padding-top:20px;--padding-bottom:20px;--padding-left:20px;--padding-right:20px;}.elementor-widget-text-editor{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-text-font-size );}.elementor-165 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c18b09a .uc_logo_carousel_holder{height:167px;}.elementor-165 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c18b09a .owl-nav .owl-prev{left:-37px;right:auto;}.elementor-165 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c18b09a .owl-nav .owl-next{right:-37px;left:auto;}.elementor-165 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c18b09a .owl-carousel .owl-nav .owl-next,.elementor-165 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c18b09a .owl-carousel .owl-nav .owl-prev{top:56px;width:47px;height:47px;line-height:47px;}}@media(min-width:768px){.elementor-165 .elementor-element.elementor-element-7d1c588{--width:40%;}.elementor-165 .elementor-element.elementor-element-9b2778d{--width:60%;}}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"165\" class=\"elementor elementor-165\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5dd7a15 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5dd7a15\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8a9fcf8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8a9fcf8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Complex Membrane Structures in the Cell<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eff31e6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"eff31e6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d1c588 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7d1c588\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8add0e3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8add0e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Cellular membranes can form remarkably complex, high-curvature structures, such as the interconnected networks of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, caveolar invaginations, and the intricate morphology of mitochondria. The dynamics and organization of these structures are tightly linked to cellular function. The formation of such highly curved membrane compartments is enabled by curvature-inducing proteins and the non-uniform distribution of lipids between the two membrane monolayers. To investigate these systems, we use membrane elasticity theory to understand how mechanical properties\u2014such as the presence of curvature-inducing proteins, lipid composition gradients, interactions with the cytoskeleton, and osmotic pressure differences\u2014govern the structure and stability of these membrane compartments.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b2778d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9b2778d\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c18b09a elementor-widget elementor-widget-ucaddon_logo_carousel\" data-id=\"c18b09a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"ucaddon_logo_carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n<!-- start Logo Carousel -->\n\t\t<link id='owl-carousel-css' href='https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/plugins\/unlimited-elements-for-elementor-premium\/assets_libraries\/owl-carousel-new\/assets\/owl.carousel.css' type='text\/css' rel='stylesheet'\/>\n\n<style>\/* widget: Logo Carousel *\/\n\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_c18b09a{\n  min-height:1px;\n}\n\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_c18b09a *{\n  box-sizing:border-box;\n}\n\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_c18b09a .owl-nav .owl-prev{\n    position:absolute;\n  \n    display:inline-block;\n    text-align:center;\n}\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_c18b09a .owl-nav .owl-next{\n  position:absolute;\n\n  display:inline-block;\n  text-align:center;\n}\n\n\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_c18b09a .owl-dots {\noverflow:hidden;\ndisplay:none !important;\ntext-align:center;\n}\n\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_c18b09a .owl-dot {\nborder-radius:50%;\ndisplay:inline-block;\n}\n\n\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_c18b09a{\n\ttext-align: center;\n  position:relative;\n}\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_c18b09a 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src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Complex-membrane-geometry-caveolea-Copy.png\" alt=\"Complex Membrane Structures in the Cell07\" width=\"320\" height=\"210\"\/>\n          <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n\t\n      \n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"uc_logo_carousel\">\n    \n    <div class=\"uc_logo_carousel_holder ue-item\">\n          <a href=\"#\">\n          <img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Complex-membrane-geometry-caveolea.png\"  src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Complex-membrane-geometry-caveolea.png\" alt=\"Complex Membrane Structures in the Cell06\" width=\"320\" height=\"210\"\/>\n          <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n\t\n      \n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"uc_logo_carousel\">\n    \n    <div class=\"uc_logo_carousel_holder ue-item\">\n          <a href=\"#\">\n          <img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/LD-pictures.png\"  src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/LD-pictures.png\" alt=\"Complex Membrane Structures in the Cell05\" width=\"132\" height=\"497\"\/>\n          <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n\t\n      \n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"uc_logo_carousel\">\n    \n    <div class=\"uc_logo_carousel_holder ue-item\">\n          <a href=\"#\">\n          <img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Membrane-tubulations-1.png\"  src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Membrane-tubulations-1.png\" alt=\"Complex Membrane Structures in the Cell04\" width=\"226\" height=\"584\"\/>\n          <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n\t\n      \n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"uc_logo_carousel\">\n    \n    <div class=\"uc_logo_carousel_holder ue-item\">\n          <a href=\"#\">\n          <img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Membrane-tubulations-2.png\"  src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Membrane-tubulations-2.png\" alt=\"Complex Membrane Structures in the Cell03\" width=\"197\" height=\"584\"\/>\n          <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n\t\n      \n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"uc_logo_carousel\">\n    \n    <div class=\"uc_logo_carousel_holder ue-item\">\n          <a href=\"#\">\n          <img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Membrane-tubulations-3.png\"  src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Membrane-tubulations-3.png\" alt=\"Complex Membrane Structures in the Cell02\" width=\"387\" height=\"550\"\/>\n          <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n\t\n      \n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"uc_logo_carousel\">\n    \n    <div class=\"uc_logo_carousel_holder ue-item\">\n          <a href=\"#\">\n          <img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Tripliperiodic-membrane.png\"  src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Tripliperiodic-membrane.png\" alt=\"Complex Membrane Structures in the Cell01\" width=\"416\" height=\"446\"\/>\n          <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n\t\n      \n<\/div>\n\n   <\/div>\t\n<\/div>\n<!-- end Logo Carousel -->\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-155 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-research-interests entry has-media\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__content\"><style>.elementor-155 .elementor-element.elementor-element-29d6cd5{--display:flex;--flex-direction:column;--container-widget-width:100%;--container-widget-height:initial;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;--container-widget-align-self:initial;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--padding-top:30px;--padding-bottom:30px;--padding-left:30px;--padding-right:30px;}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title{font-family:var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ), Sans-serif;color:var( --e-global-color-primary );}.elementor-155 .elementor-element.elementor-element-bda5796{--display:flex;--flex-direction:row;--container-widget-width:initial;--container-widget-height:100%;--container-widget-flex-grow:1;--container-widget-align-self:stretch;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--margin-top:0px;--margin-bottom:0px;--margin-left:0px;--margin-right:0px;--padding-top:30px;--padding-bottom:30px;--padding-left:30px;--padding-right:30px;}.elementor-155 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--e-global-color-775d151 );color:#FFFFFF;}.elementor-155 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8a5083f .owl-carousel .owl-nav .owl-next:hover,.elementor-155 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8a5083f .owl-carousel .owl-nav .owl-prev:hover{background-color:var( --e-global-color-6d6878a );color:var( --e-global-color-4fcac31 );}@media(max-width:1024px){.elementor-widget-text-editor{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-text-font-size );}}@media(max-width:767px){.elementor-155 .elementor-element.elementor-element-bda5796{--padding-top:20px;--padding-bottom:20px;--padding-left:20px;--padding-right:20px;}.elementor-widget-text-editor{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-text-font-size );}.elementor-155 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8a5083f .uc_logo_carousel_holder{height:167px;}.elementor-155 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8a5083f .owl-nav .owl-prev{left:-37px;right:auto;}.elementor-155 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8a5083f .owl-nav .owl-next{right:-37px;left:auto;}.elementor-155 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8a5083f .owl-carousel .owl-nav .owl-next,.elementor-155 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8a5083f .owl-carousel .owl-nav .owl-prev{top:56px;width:47px;height:47px;line-height:47px;}}@media(min-width:768px){.elementor-155 .elementor-element.elementor-element-4f7c97a{--width:40%;}.elementor-155 .elementor-element.elementor-element-e3e3267{--width:60%;}}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"155\" class=\"elementor elementor-155\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29d6cd5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"29d6cd5\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2e0ade elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d2e0ade\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Membrane-less Organelles Mechanics<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bda5796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bda5796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f7c97a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4f7c97a\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-964624c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"964624c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Membraneless organelles are biomolecular condensates formed through liquid-liquid phase separation of proteins and RNA or DNA molecules. These structures have emerged as key players in the spatial and functional organization of the cell interior and are integral to numerous biological processes, including RNA metabolism (transcription, splicing, and decay), DNA repair and replication, protein quality control and degradation, and signal transduction. By localizing specific biomolecules, these organelles enable the spatial and temporal regulation of cellular functions, enhance reaction rates, buffer cellular stress, and maintain homeostasis. Interestingly, several viruses exploit these mechanisms, forming membrane-less organelles that serve as viral replication factories, concentrating viral components for efficient assembly. The size and shape of these compartments are critical to their function. Our research focuses on understanding the mechanical properties of these organelles and developing theoretical and computational frameworks to predict their size distributions and shape deformations, particularly as virions form within them.<\/p><p>Fusion (viral entry) and fission (viral release) are critical steps in the enveloped virus life cycle. As a result, both viruses and host cells have evolved opposing mechanisms to control the magnitude of these energy barriers to suit their needs. Viruses have developed strategies to lower the energy barriers, facilitating their entry into cells via the plasma and endosomal membranes. In contrast, cells have evolved mechanisms to increase these energy barriers, strengthening their defenses against viral invasion. Our interest is to use physical modeling and computer simulations to better understand this tug-of-war between host and pathogen.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e3e3267 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e3e3267\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8a5083f elementor-widget elementor-widget-ucaddon_logo_carousel\" data-id=\"8a5083f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"ucaddon_logo_carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n<!-- start Logo Carousel -->\n\t\t<link id='owl-carousel-css' href='https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/plugins\/unlimited-elements-for-elementor-premium\/assets_libraries\/owl-carousel-new\/assets\/owl.carousel.css' type='text\/css' rel='stylesheet'\/>\n\n<style>\/* widget: Logo Carousel *\/\n\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_8a5083f{\n  min-height:1px;\n}\n\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_8a5083f *{\n  box-sizing:border-box;\n}\n\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_8a5083f .owl-nav .owl-prev{\n    position:absolute;\n  \n    display:inline-block;\n    text-align:center;\n}\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_8a5083f .owl-nav .owl-next{\n  position:absolute;\n\n  display:inline-block;\n  text-align:center;\n}\n\n\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_8a5083f .owl-dots {\noverflow:hidden;\ndisplay:none !important;\ntext-align:center;\n}\n\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_8a5083f .owl-dot {\nborder-radius:50%;\ndisplay:inline-block;\n}\n\n\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_8a5083f{\n\ttext-align: center;\n  position:relative;\n}\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_8a5083f .uc_logo_carousel_holder{\n    display:flex;\n    align-items: center;\n    justify-content:center;\n    flex-wrap: wrap;\n    width: 100%;\n}\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_8a5083f .uc_logo_carousel_holder a\n{height:100%;\n    width: 100%;\n  display:flex;\n  align-items: center;\n    justify-content:center;\n}\n\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_8a5083f  img{\n    height:100%;\n    width: 100%;\n    object-fit: contain;\n}\n\n\n\n\n<\/style>\n\n<div class=\"uc_logo_carousel\"  style=\"direction:ltr;\">\n   <div class=\"uc_carousel owl-carousel owl-theme uc-items-wrapper  \" id=\"uc_logo_carousel_elementor_8a5083f\"   data-new-tab=\"false\">\n   \t\t\n<div class=\"uc_logo_carousel\">\n    \n    <div class=\"uc_logo_carousel_holder ue-item\">\n          <a href=\"#\">\n          <img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Slide1.png\"  src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Slide1.png\" alt=\"Membrane-less Organelles mechanics01\" width=\"266\" height=\"258\"\/>\n          <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n\t\n      \n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"uc_logo_carousel\">\n    \n    <div class=\"uc_logo_carousel_holder ue-item\">\n          <a href=\"#\">\n          <img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Slide2.png\"  src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Slide2.png\" alt=\"Membrane-less Organelles mechanics02\" width=\"410\" height=\"306\"\/>\n          <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n\t\n      \n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"uc_logo_carousel\">\n    \n    <div class=\"uc_logo_carousel_holder ue-item\">\n          <a href=\"#\">\n          <img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Slide3.png\"  src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Slide3.png\" alt=\"Membrane-less Organelles mechanics03\" width=\"720\" height=\"331\"\/>\n          <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n\t\n      \n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"uc_logo_carousel\">\n    \n    <div class=\"uc_logo_carousel_holder ue-item\">\n          <a href=\"#\">\n          <img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Slide4.png\"  src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Slide4.png\" alt=\"Membrane-less Organelles mechanics04\" width=\"720\" height=\"278\"\/>\n          <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n\t\n      \n<\/div>\n\n   <\/div>\t\n<\/div>\n<!-- end Logo Carousel -->\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-130 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-research-interests entry has-media\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__content\"><style>.elementor-130 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.owl-next{right:-37px;left:auto;}.elementor-130 .elementor-element.elementor-element-d53155b .owl-carousel .owl-nav .owl-next,.elementor-130 .elementor-element.elementor-element-d53155b .owl-carousel .owl-nav .owl-prev{top:56px;width:47px;height:47px;line-height:47px;}}@media(min-width:768px){.elementor-130 .elementor-element.elementor-element-b5eaadc{--width:40%;}.elementor-130 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7b27d7{--width:60%;}}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"130\" class=\"elementor elementor-130\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ce3b66 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1ce3b66\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-874ed77 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"874ed77\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Theory of Membrane Fusion and Fission<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ace473 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7ace473\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b5eaadc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b5eaadc\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe92f66 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fe92f66\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Membrane topological changes are essential for numerous biological processes and are fundamental to life. Membrane fusion occurs during fertilization, muscle cell formation, and intercellular and extracellular trafficking. Membrane fission plays a key role in processes such as exocytosis, mitochondrial division, cytokinesis, reshaping of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, and the release. Despite the diversity of these processes, they share a common pathway involving a series of lipid rearrangement steps. The energy associated with these steps determines the energy barriers to membrane fusion and fission, and the rates at which these processes occur.<\/p><p>Fusion (viral entry) and fission (viral release) are critical steps in the enveloped virus life cycle. As a result, both viruses and host cells have evolved opposing mechanisms to control the magnitude of these energy barriers to suit their needs. Viruses have developed strategies to lower the energy barriers, facilitating their entry into cells via the plasma and endosomal membranes. In contrast, cells have evolved mechanisms to increase these energy barriers, strengthening their defenses against viral invasion. Our interest is to use physical modeling and computer simulations to better understand this tug-of-war between host and pathogen.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f7b27d7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f7b27d7\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d53155b elementor-widget elementor-widget-ucaddon_logo_carousel\" data-id=\"d53155b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"ucaddon_logo_carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n<!-- start Logo Carousel -->\n\t\t<link id='owl-carousel-css' href='https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/plugins\/unlimited-elements-for-elementor-premium\/assets_libraries\/owl-carousel-new\/assets\/owl.carousel.css' type='text\/css' rel='stylesheet'\/>\n\n<style>\/* widget: Logo Carousel *\/\n\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_d53155b{\n  min-height:1px;\n}\n\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_d53155b *{\n  box-sizing:border-box;\n}\n\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_d53155b .owl-nav .owl-prev{\n    position:absolute;\n  \n    display:inline-block;\n    text-align:center;\n}\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_d53155b .owl-nav .owl-next{\n  position:absolute;\n\n  display:inline-block;\n  text-align:center;\n}\n\n\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_d53155b .owl-dots {\noverflow:hidden;\ndisplay:none !important;\ntext-align:center;\n}\n\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_d53155b .owl-dot {\nborder-radius:50%;\ndisplay:inline-block;\n}\n\n\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_d53155b{\n\ttext-align: center;\n  position:relative;\n}\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_d53155b .uc_logo_carousel_holder{\n    display:flex;\n    align-items: center;\n    justify-content:center;\n    flex-wrap: wrap;\n    width: 100%;\n}\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_d53155b .uc_logo_carousel_holder a\n{height:100%;\n    width: 100%;\n  display:flex;\n  align-items: center;\n    justify-content:center;\n}\n\n#uc_logo_carousel_elementor_d53155b  img{\n    height:100%;\n    width: 100%;\n    object-fit: contain;\n}\n\n\n\n\n<\/style>\n\n<div class=\"uc_logo_carousel\"  style=\"direction:ltr;\">\n   <div class=\"uc_carousel owl-carousel owl-theme uc-items-wrapper  \" id=\"uc_logo_carousel_elementor_d53155b\"   data-new-tab=\"false\">\n   \t\t\n<div class=\"uc_logo_carousel\">\n    \n    <div class=\"uc_logo_carousel_holder ue-item\">\n          <a href=\"#\">\n          <img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/3D-hemifusion.png\"  src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/3D-hemifusion.png\" alt=\"3D hemifusion\" width=\"437\" height=\"431\"\/>\n          <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n\t\n      \n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"uc_logo_carousel\">\n    \n    <div class=\"uc_logo_carousel_holder ue-item\">\n          <a href=\"#\">\n          <img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Fusion-pathway-scaled.jpg\"  src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Fusion-pathway-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Membrane Fusion and fission02\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1746\"\/>\n          <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n\t\n      \n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"uc_logo_carousel\">\n    \n    <div class=\"uc_logo_carousel_holder ue-item\">\n          <a href=\"#\">\n          <img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/membrane-undulations.png\"  src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/membrane-undulations.png\" alt=\"Membrane Fusion and fission04\" width=\"794\" height=\"526\"\/>\n          <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n\t\n      \n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"uc_logo_carousel\">\n    \n    <div class=\"uc_logo_carousel_holder ue-item\">\n          <a href=\"#\">\n          <img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Hemifusion-diaphragm.png\"  src=\"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Hemifusion-diaphragm.png\" alt=\"Membrane Fusion and fission03\" width=\"2523\" height=\"1726\"\/>\n          <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n\t\n      \n<\/div>\n\n   <\/div>\t\n<\/div>\n<!-- end Logo Carousel -->\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Research Interests<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-43","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry","has-media"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/43","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=43"}],"version-history":[{"count":26,"href":"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/43\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":307,"href":"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/43\/revisions\/307"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/golanibiophysics.haifa.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=43"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}